Methane emissions near record highs threaten global gas supply

Methane emissions from the global energy sector remained close to record highs in 2025, restricting potential gas supply at a time of tightening energy markets, according to the International Energy Agency.

In its Global Methane Tracker 2026 report, the International Energy Agency said reducing emissions could unlock significant volumes of natural gas, easing pressure on global supply chains affected by geopolitical tensions, including the ongoing conflict in the Middle East.

“With methane emissions from the energy sector near record highs, tried-and-tested abatement measures could make 200 billion cubic metres of natural gas available annually,” the report said.

The agency noted that immediate action in selected countries could quickly improve supply. “If select countries with spare existing gas export capacity and importing countries were to implement readily accessible methane abatement measures across their gas systems, nearly 15 billion cubic metres of gas could very quickly be made available to markets,” it said.

Over the longer term, broader adoption of these measures could significantly reshape gas availability. The report estimates that nearly 100 billion cubic metres of gas could be delivered to markets each year through methane reduction efforts, while eliminating non-emergency gas flaring could unlock an additional 100 billion cubic metres.

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and a major by-product of oil and gas production, transport and storage. High emission levels not only contribute to climate change but also represent lost fuel that could otherwise support electricity generation, industrial use and global energy trade.

The findings are based on satellite data and field measurement campaigns conducted throughout 2025, providing a detailed assessment of emission sources and mitigation potential.

The International Energy Agency said that reducing methane emissions is one of the fastest and most cost-effective ways to increase available gas supply, particularly as global energy markets remain volatile due to supply disruptions and shifting trade flows.

The report highlights the growing importance of methane abatement in balancing energy security with climate goals, as countries seek to stabilise fuel supply while reducing environmental impact.